The positive and negative pressure integrated protective isolation chamber is constructed with medical antibacterial purification boards. It consists of a positive wind pressure area and a negative pressure area. The positive pressure area and the negative pressure area are hermetically isolated from each other. But they are inseparable and necessary parts of the protective isolation function. The medical staff, the external environment and the patient are completely isolated. Effectively protect medical staff and eliminate the risk of cross-infection. The positive pressure environment is always maintained in the positive pressure area of the isolation cabin to form an air curtain barrier. The outside air will not flow into the cabin without purification. The negative pressure environment is always maintained in the negative pressure area of the isolation cabin, and the gas in the cabin will not flow outside the cabin. The gas in the positive pressure area of the isolation cabin enters the temperature control and purification unit through the air return port. The gas flows through the temperature control unit after temperature adjustment. After sterilization by ultraviolet germicidal lamp and purification by sub-high efficiency filter, bacteria, viruses and other microbial pathogens in the air in the isolation cabin are killed, and finally blown into the positive pressure area of the isolation cabin through the air supply port. The air in the positive pressure area of the isolation cabin circulates back and forth in this way to achieve the purpose of aseptic purification in the positive pressure area of the isolation cabin. The gas in the negative pressure area of the isolation cabin flows from a high place (supply air outlet) to a low place (return air outlet), forming a fixed gas flow field area. The virus or bacteria air existing in the aerosol state is carried away by the downward airflow in this way. It is collected through the return air outlet, sterilized by ultraviolet germicidal lamps and purified by filters, and then discharged outside the cabin. Avoid environmental pollution and cross-infection. When working, the medical staff is in the positive pressure area. The patient is in the negative pressure area. In the positive pressure area of the isolation chamber, the medical staff put their hands into the long latex gloves fixed on the perforated glass by the flange to complete the sampling work. Medical staff and patients are not in direct contact, and they are isolated to avoid cross-infection, which greatly protects the medical staff.